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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html><head>
+ <meta charset="utf-8">
+ <title>Code listings with nice line wrapping and line numbers from plain CSS | Home</title>
+ <meta name="description" content="">
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+ <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
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+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css">
+
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+ <link rel="preload" href="/fonts/nyght-serif-main/fonts/WEB/NyghtSerif-Bold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin />
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+ <header>
+ <h1>Code listings with nice line wrapping and line numbers from plain CSS</h1>
+<ul class="breadcrumbs">
+ <li><a href="/">jaseg.de</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/blog/">Blog</a></li><li><a href="/blog/css-only-code-blocks/">Code listings with nice line wrapping and line numbers from plain CSS</a></li>
+</ul>
+ <strong>2025-07-23</strong>
+ </header>
+ <main data-pagefind-body>
+ <div class="document">
+
+
+<p>Code listings in web pages are often a bit of a pain to use. Often, they don't wrap on small screens. Also, copy-pasting
+code from a code listing often copies the line numbers along with the code. Finally, many implementations use
+heavyweight HTML and/or javascript, making them slow to render (looking at you, gitlab).</p>
+<p>For this blog, I wrote an implementation that renders HTML code listings entirely without JavaScript, renders line
+numbers using plain CSS such that they don't get selected with the code, and that works with the browser to wrap in a
+natural way while still supporting the little line continuation arrows that are used to show that a line was soft
+wrapped in text editors.</p>
+<p>This blog is rendered as a static site using <a class="reference external" href="https://gohugo.io/">Hugo</a> from a pile of <a class="reference external" href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/usage/restructuredtext/index.html">RestructuredText</a> documents. RestructuredText renders
+code listings using <a class="reference external" href="https://pygments.org/">Pygments</a> by default. Pygments hard-bakes the line numbers into the generated HTML, so I am using a
+<a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkey_patch">monkey-patched</a> hook that changes the line number rendering to just a bunch of empty <tt class="docutils literal">&lt;span&gt;</tt> elements. The resulting
+HTML for a code block then looks like this:</p>
+<pre class="code html literal-block">
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">pre</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;code [language] literal-block&quot;</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;lineno&quot;</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;line&quot;</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"> <span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;[syntax highlight token]&quot;</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>The <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;[other syntax highlight token]&quot;</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>code!<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"> <span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="p">&gt;</span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"> <span class="cm">&lt;!-- ... repeat once for each source line. --&gt;</span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">pre</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
+</span></pre>
+<p>You can find the (rather short) source of the <tt class="docutils literal">rst2html</tt> wrapper <a class="reference external" href="#rst2html-wrapper">below</a>.</p>
+<div class="section" id="the-css">
+<h2>The CSS</h2>
+<p>This modified HTML structure of the code listing gets accompanied by some CSS to make it flow nicely. Here is a listing
+of the complete CSS controlling the listing. The only bit that isn't included here is the actual syntax styling rules
+for the pygments tokens.</p>
+<pre class="code css literal-block">
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="c">/*****************************************************/</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="c">/* Code block formatting / syntax highlighting rules */</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="c">/*****************************************************/</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">code</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">font-family</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Fira Code&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">13</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">left</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* Override default content &quot;justify&quot; alignment */</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">white-space</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">pre-wrap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">word-wrap</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">break-word</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">overflow-x</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">auto</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">display</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">grid</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">align-items</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">start</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">grid-template-columns</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min-content</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="n">fr</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">code</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">line</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">padding-left</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">calc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">text-indent</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-2</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">padding-top</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">min-width</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="kt">em</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="c">/* Make individual syntax tokens wrap anywhere */</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">code</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">line</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">span</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">overflow-wrap</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">anywhere</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">white-space</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">pre-wrap</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="c">/* We render line numbers in CSS! */</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">code</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">lineno</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">counter-increment</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">lineno</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">word-break</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">keep-all</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">margin</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">padding-left</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">padding-right</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">overflow</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">clip</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">position</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">relative</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">text-align</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">right</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">var</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">--c-text-muted</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">border-right</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">solid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">var</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">--c-fg-highlight</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">align-self</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">stretch</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="c">/* We also handle line continuation markers in CSS. */</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">code</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">lineno</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="nd">after</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">position</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">absolute</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">right</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">content</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳&quot;</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">white-space</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">pre</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">var</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">--c-text-muted</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="c">/* Insert the actual line number */</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">code</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">lineno</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="nd">before</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">content</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">counter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lineno</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">code</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="nd">before</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">counter-reset</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">lineno</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">code</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">hll</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="c">/* Following are about 50 lines that define the styling of each kind of pygments syntax highlight token. These lines</span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="c"> all look like the following: */</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">code</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">var</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">--c-text</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">font-weight</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">400</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c">/* Comment */</span>
+</span></pre>
+<p>This CSS does a few things:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<ol class="arabic simple">
+<li>It renders the <tt class="docutils literal">&lt;pre&gt;</tt> code listing element using a two-column CSS <tt class="docutils literal">display: grid</tt> layout. The left column is
+used for the line numbers, and the right column is used for the code lines.</li>
+<li>It numbers the lines using a <a class="reference external" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/counter">CSS Counter</a>. CSS counters are meant for things like numbering headings and such, but
+they are a perfect fit for our purpose.</li>
+<li>It inserts the counter value as the line number into the <tt class="docutils literal">&lt;span <span class="pre">class=&quot;lineno&quot;&gt;</span></tt> element's <tt class="docutils literal">::before</tt>
+pseudo-element. A side effect of using the <tt class="docutils literal">::before</tt> pseudo-element is that without doing anything extra, the
+line numbers will remain outside of the normal text selection so they will neither be highlighted when selecting
+listing content, nor will they be copied when copy/pasting the listing content.</li>
+<li>It inserts a string of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳\a↳&quot;</span></tt> into the line number span's
+<tt class="docutils literal">::after</tt> pseudo-element. This string evaluates to a sequence of unicode arrows separated by line breaks, and
+starting with an empty line. The <tt class="docutils literal">::after</tt> pseudo-element is positioned using <tt class="docutils literal">position: absolute</tt>, and the
+parent <tt class="docutils literal">&lt;span <span class="pre">class=&quot;lineno&quot;&gt;</span></tt> has <tt class="docutils literal">position: relative</tt> set. This way, the arrow pseudo-element gets placed on
+top of the lineno span without affecting the layout at all. By setting <tt class="docutils literal">overflow: clip</tt> on the parent <tt class="docutils literal">&lt;span
+<span class="pre">class=&quot;lineno&quot;&gt;</span></tt>, the arrow pseudo-element gets cut off vertically wherever the parent lineno element naturally
+ends.</li>
+</ol>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The line number span is inserted into the parent <tt class="docutils literal">&lt;pre&gt;</tt> element's CSS grid using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">align-self:</span> stretch</tt>, which
+causes it to vertically stretch to fill the available space. Since the line number span only contains the line number,
+its minimum height is a single line. As a result, it will stretch higher only when the corresponding code line in the
+right grid column stretches vertically because of line wrapping. When that happens, part of the arrow pseudo-element
+starts showing through from behind the <tt class="docutils literal">overflow: clip</tt> of the line number span, and one arrow gets rendered for each
+wrapped listing line.</p>
+<p>When the page is too narrow, we don't want the code listing's lines to wrapp into a column of single characters. To
+prevent that, we simply set a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">min-width</span></tt> on the <tt class="docutils literal">&lt;span <span class="pre">class=&quot;line&quot;&gt;</span></tt> in the right column, and set <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">overflow-x:</span>
+auto</tt> on the listing <tt class="docutils literal">&lt;pre&gt;</tt>. This results in a horizontal scroll bar appearing whenever the listing gets too narrow.</p>
+<p>You can try out the line wrapping by resizing this page!</p>
+</div>
+<div class="section" id="rst2html-wrapper">
+<h2>rst2html wrapper</h2>
+<p>Here is the python <tt class="docutils literal">rst2html</tt> wrapper that monkey-patches code rendering. I made hugo invoke this while building the
+page by simply overriding the <tt class="docutils literal">PATH</tt> environment variable.</p>
+<pre class="code python literal-block">
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="ch">#!/usr/bin/env python3</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="c1"># Based on https://gist.github.com/mastbaum/2655700 for the basic plugin scaffolding</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">sys</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">re</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">docutils.core</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">docutils.transforms</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Transform</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">docutils.nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">TextElement</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Inline</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Text</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">docutils.parsers.rst</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Directive</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">directives</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">docutils.writers.html4css1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Writer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">HTMLTranslator</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">UnfuckedHTMLTranslator</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">HTMLTranslator</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">in_literal_block</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">visit_literal_block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="c1"># Insert an empty &quot;lineno&quot; span before each line. We insert the line numbers using pure CSS in a ::before</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="c1"># pseudo-element. This has the added advantage that the line numbers don't get included in text selection.</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="c1"># These line number spans are also used to show line continuation markers when a line is wrapped.</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">in_literal_block</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">body</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">starttag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'pre'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">CLASS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'literal-block'</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">body</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'&lt;span class=&quot;lineno&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;line&quot;&gt;'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">depart_literal_block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">in_literal_block</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">body</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">visit_Text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">in_literal_block</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">match</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">re</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">finditer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'([^</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">]*)(</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">|$)'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">astext</span><span class="p">()):</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">end</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">match</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">groups</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">visit_Text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">text</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">end</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Inline</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">depart_inline</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">body</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">f</span><span class="s1">'&lt;/span&gt;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">&lt;span class=&quot;lineno&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;line&quot;&gt;'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Inline</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">visit_inline</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parent</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span> <span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">visit_Text</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="n">html_writer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Writer</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="n">html_writer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">translator_class</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">UnfuckedHTMLTranslator</span><span class="w"></span></span>
+<span class="lineno"></span><span class="line"><span class="w"></span><span class="n">docutils</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">core</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">publish_cmdline</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">writer</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">html_writer</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</span></pre>
+</div>
+</div>
+ </main><footer>
+ Copyright © 2025 Jan Sebastian Götte
+ / <a href="/about/">About</a>
+ / <a href="/imprint/">Imprint</a>
+</footer>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="/pagefind/pagefind-ui.js" defer></script>
+ <script>
+ window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', (event) => {
+ new PagefindUI({element: "#search", showSubResults: true});
+ });
+ </script>
+ <script type="speculationrules">
+ {
+ "prerender": [
+ {
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